Coenzyme NADH

NADH (Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide) is a chemical substance, which is the reduced form of nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide, reduced coenzyme I. N refers to nicotinamide, A refers to adenine, and D refers to dinucleotide.

Because NADH is mainly involved in material and energy metabolism in cells, it is produced in the citric acid cycle in glycolysis and cellular respiration, and acts as a carrier and electron donor of biological hydrogen. It is transferred on the inner mitochondrial membrane through oxidative phosphorylation. Energy supplies ATP synthesis, so NADH is also called mitochondrial. In theory, the energy released by 1 molecule of NADH can synthesize 2.5 molecules of ATP. [1]

NADH plays an important role in maintaining cell growth, differentiation, energy metabolism, and cell protection. [1]

NADH is produced in the citric acid cycle during glycolysis and cellular respiration. NADH molecules are control markers in the energy production chain in mitochondria. Monitoring the redox state of NADH is the best parameter to characterize the function of mitochondria in vivo. Ultraviolet light can excite NADH to produce fluorescence in mitochondria, which is used to monitor mitochondrial function.

English name

Nicotinamide adenine dinucleotide

nickname

Reduced coenzyme Ⅰ

Chemical formula

C21H27N7O14P2

Molecular weight

663.43

CAS Registry Number

606-68-8

Melting point

160 °C (320 °F; 433 K)

Exterior

White powder

the way

Glycolysis and cellular respiration

Form

Reduced state